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Abstract

The distribution of many medications to the body via the respiratory tract system is crucial. This route has emerged as one of the most crucial techniques for the delivery of locally acting medications that can be used to treat a variety of respiratory conditions, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The advantages of this focused drug delivery to the lungs over systemic administration methods include an improved therapeutic effect, a faster onset of action, and fewer systemic side effects.

Many formulations as suspension and solutions, such as bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and antibiotics have been recommended in a wide area as aerosolized medications and therapy for different pulmonary diseases. An aerosol drug is one that consists of solid or liquid particles of a specified size suspended in a gas. A variety of aerosol delivery devices are available in the marketplace which can be used for this purpose.

However, the pulmonary architecture poses a significant problem for aerosol drug delivery since it evolved to keep foreign chemicals from entering the lung periphery. Therefore, the site and degree of deposition in the respiratory tract, as well as the pharmacology of the utilized inhaled medications, all play a role in how well inhalation treatment works. As a result, in addition to the devices required for the release of aerosols and the facilitation of their distribution to the lungs, aerosols must also satisfy a number of parameters for inhaled medicine delivery to be successful. Due to this, parenteral and oral drug delivery by inhalation are more complicated.

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